Hyperpigmentation is the darkening of the skin that occurs when damaged skin cells produce excessive melanin. Patches of discoloration can occur anywhere on the body. However, they are commonly seen on the face, neck, chest, arms, and the backs of the hands. After years of sun exposure in places such as south Florida, many people are left with sun damaged skin and areas of hyperpigmentation. Even though we may try to be diligent in applying sunscreen to protect our skin, we can get plenty of incidental sun exposure just going about our daily lives.
Sun Damage and Hyperpigmentation
Sun damage is a common cause of skin hyperpigmentation. Patches of sun damaged skin may appear brown, red, pink, gray, or black. People may refer to the pigmentations as sun spots, age spots, or liver spots. The best ways to avoid sun damaged skin are to use a broad spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher and wear protective clothing, hats, and sunglasses.
Additional Causes of Hyperpigmentation
The following are other reasons why people may develop skin hyperpigmentation.
- Melasma – Women who experience hormonal changes due to pregnancy may develop a condition called melasma, often called “the mask of pregnancy”. Although melasma is harmless, it can make women feel self-conscious. Oral contraceptives can also trigger melasma.
- Genetics – Our genetics play a role in skin pigmentation. The tendency to develop freckles may be genetic. People with lighter skin tones and red hair may freckle when their skin is exposed to UV light.
- Injury to the skin – Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation may result from acne and other skin injuries.
- Medical conditions – Some medical conditions may lead to hyperpigmentation including thyroid and adrenal disorders.
Treatment of Hyperpigmentation
Skin resurfacing with the Palomar Icon laser is a safe and effective way to treat areas of hyperpigmentation. Sometimes called a “photofacial”, the procedure combines intense pulsed light (IPL) with non-ablative fractional skin resurfacing to treat a variety of skin conditions including sun damage and hyperpigmentation. Treatments are highly customizable and can be adjusted to address the patient’s specific condition. Typical treatments take 30 minutes or less, and there is no downtime. Several treatments will be needed to achieve optimal results. Patients should wear sunscreen following treatments to protect skin from the sun’s harmful UV rays.
Next Steps
Board Certified plastic surgeon, Dr. Cristina Keusch, recommends the Palomar Icon laser to treat hyperpigmentation, scars, stretch marks, uneven skin texture, fine lines, and wrinkles. The first step to beautiful, more youthful skin is to schedule a consultation. Contact our office today.